RADIOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL EVALUATION OF INFLUENCE OF HYDROXYAPATITE NANOPARTICLES AND DEMINERALIZED AND DECELLULARIZED BONE MATRIX ON DEFECT FRACTURE HEALING OF TIBIA BONE IN GOATS
Implants made of biomaterial and biological scaffolds are the primary means of treating bone defects and encouraging their repair. Researchers are looking into hydroxyapatite (HA) and decellularized bone matrix (DBM) as possible osteogenic agents in the aim of using these materials to stimulate bone growth in various defects in the bone. This study was done to investigate the effect of hydroxyapatite and Demineralized and decellularized Bone Matrix (dDBM) xenograft on fracture healing in goat. Fifteen young goats were used in this study. The animals were divided into three groups (n=5) as the following, control group, Nano-group, and Xeno-group. In all animals, 2 mm removed from the tibia of right hind limp by using bone drill. The bone defect in the control group remained without treatment, while the defect was filled with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in Nano-group, and xenograft Demineralized and decellularized Bone Matrix (collected from sheep tibia) in Xeno-group. The operation site was closed routinely and the animals were monitored clinically and radiologically along study period. Clinical examination of lameness in all animal groups showed evident lameness right after surgery. Lameness score improved significantly 11 days after surgery in treated groups (Nano and Xeno groups) compared with control group. Comparing the radiological results of the Nano and Xeno groups to the control group at 9 weeks after surgery, the treated groups displayed complete callus development, which was characterized by profuse periosteal response and complete closure of the generated bone gap. The tibial radiographic union scale (RUST) for the treated groups (Nano and Xeno groups) score significant statistical difference (P<0.05) compared to the results of RUST in the control group at 6 and 9 weeks after procedure. In conclusions, using of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and xenograft demineralized and decellularized bone matrix in bone defect fracture has a positive effect on fracture healing through their ability as osteoconductive and osteoinductive biomaterials.
